The film lacks explicit LGBTQ+ characters or non-heteronormative identities. The narrative focuses almost entirely on the mechanics of exorcism and psychological distress.

Geum-Joo serves as the central female protagonist driving the supernatural tension. However, it remains unclear if she possesses true agency or acts as a passive vessel for the horror.

As a South Korean production, the film centers East Asian cultural frameworks. This provides a non-Western perspective that disrupts conventional Hollywood-centric horror norms.

The story engages with shamanistic traditions and spiritualism. It explores the tension between modern psychiatry and traditional exorcism within a localized, East Asian context.

Geum-Joo’s bizarre phenomenon may serve as a proxy for mental health or neurological distress. There is a risk that these struggles are used primarily as horror plot devices.